Monetary stability and exchange rate liberalization.
In economic feasibility studies, the financial, marketing, and technical studies cannot be prepared in an investment environment unless that environment enjoys monetary stability, paving the way for stable exchange rates for the local currency against foreign currencies. This allows the economic feasibility researcher—particularly the foreign investor—to calculate costs, returns, and profits over the time periods within the project’s lifetime.
This means that monetary instability can be a factor that repels investment capital, even if the investment environment is promising. Therefore, monetary authorities, through their available tools, seek to achieve the goal of monetary stability and reassure investors and those preparing economic feasibility studies, with stability that makes the margin of error in forecasts very small. This leaves it to the executive, legislative, and judicial authorities to establish attractive security, legal, and social environments through security stability and social acceptance, along with the presence of a legal system and judicial institutions that regulate and protect market relations on the one hand, and the relations of business owners with institutional and social formations on the other, in a manner that ensures integrity and integration with societal customs and traditions.
Based on this and other factors related to the inflationary situation and its extension to the areas of growth rates and development, the local currency exchange rate and monetary stability have been among the priorities of the monetary authority in our country over the years of economic adaptation to the phase of the macroeconomic transition to a market economy in light of structural imbalances, the inability of productive sectors to finance domestic demand due to the disruptions of the transition phase and the internal influences related to financing foreign trade, and the growth of the black market for currency exchange.
After the country witnessed security stability, an increase in the level of services and sectoral growth rates, with a clear reduction in the circles of administrative slackness due to the introduction of technologies and electronic payment systems, in conjunction with measures to tighten control over border crossings, and transfer the mechanisms of foreign currency flow to finance foreign trade through the banking system, the rates of the dollar mass flow outward to the local market decreased, which was reflected positively in favor of the Iraqi dinar, and which bodes well for the black market exchange rate approaching the official exchange rate.
However, achieving monetary stability under the conditions of economic reform, which include the liberalization of the exchange rate, does not mean a decline in the black market exchange rate in favor of the official exchange rate. Rather, it means price stability in a market capable of financing aggregate demand at a point close to or identical to the official rate, with the possibility of maintaining this stability in the face of the many variables and transformations witnessed by the country and the region. In other words, achieving stability is conditional upon the liberalization of the exchange rate, which favors the adoption of a managed float method, through a free market in which minor fluctuations in the exchange rate are permitted, while the monetary authorities intervene when necessary to support price stability in cooperation with the executive and legal authorities.
Alsabaah.iq