Coalition provisional authority order number 39 - foreign investment
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  1. #1
    RED LILY
    Guest

    Coalition provisional authority order number 39 - foreign investment

    COALITION PROVISIONAL AUTHORITY ORDER NUMBER 39

    FOREIGN INVESTMENT

    https://www.iraqcoalition.org/regulations/20031220_CPAORD_39_Foreign_Investment_.pdf


    3) “Foreign investment” means investment by a foreign investor in any kind of asset in
    Iraq, including tangible and intangible property, and related property rights, shares
    and other forms of participation in a business entity, and intellectual property rights
    and technical expertise, except as limited by Section 8 of this Order.


    “Foreign investor” means (a) a business entity constituted or organized under the law
    of a country other than Iraq; (b) a natural person who is (i) a national of a country
    other than Iraq, (ii) a stateless person not residing permanently in Iraq, or (iii) a
    national of Iraq residing permanently outside of Iraq; or (c) a business entity
    constituted or organized by any of the above under the law of Iraq; that is making or
    has made an investment in Iraq.



    Section 4
    Treatment of Foreign Investors

    1) A foreign investor shall be entitled to make foreign investments in Iraq on terms no
    less favorable than those applicable to an Iraqi investor, unless otherwise provided
    herein.

    2) The amount of foreign participation in newly formed or existing business entities in
    Iraq shall not be limited, unless otherwise expressly provided herein.


    Section 7
    Implementing Foreign Investment

    1) A foreign investor may implement foreign investment using, among other things,
    freely convertible currencies or Iraqi legal tender, in the following forms:

    a) establishing a wholly foreign-owned business entity in Iraq, including as a
    subsidiary of a foreign investor;

    b) establishing a business entity jointly with an Iraqi investor;

    c) establishing a branch office, as set forth in Section 5 herein; and

    d) directly acquiring an investment.

    2) A foreign investor shall be authorized to:

    a) possess, use, and dispose of its investments;
    b) manage or participate in managing a business entity;
    c) transfer its rights and obligations to other persons in accordance with the law;
    d) transfer abroad without delay all funds associated with its foreign investment,
    including:
    i) shares or profits and dividends;ii) proceeds from the sale or other disposition of its foreign investment or a
    portion thereof;
    iii) interest, royalty payments, management fees, other fees and payments made
    under a contract; and
    iv) other transfers approved by the Ministry of Trade;
    e) exercise any other authority conferred upon it by law.
    ii) proceeds
    Last edited by RED LILY; 11-27-2012 at 09:27 PM.



  2. #2
    RED LILY
    Guest
    3) The Finance Minister and the Minister of Planning may jointly issue regulations to
    assist in the implementation of this Order.

    COALITION PROVISIONAL AUTHORITY ORDER NUMBER 39

    FOREIGN INVESTMENT

    Pursuant to my authority as Administrator of the Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA)

    and the laws and usages of war, and consistent with relevant U.N. Security Council
    resolutions, including Resolution 1483 (2003),

    Having worked closely with the Governing Council to ensure that economic change
    occurs in a manner acceptable to the people of Iraq,

    Acknowledging the Governing Council’s desire to bring about significant change to the
    Iraqi economic system,

    Determined to improve the conditions of life, technical skills, and opportunities for all
    Iraqis and to fight unemployment with its associated deleterious effect on public security,

    Noting that facilitating foreign investment will help to develop infrastructure, foster the
    growth of Iraqi business, create jobs, raise capital, result in the introduction of new
    technology into Iraq and promote the transfer of knowledge and skills to Iraqis,

    Recognizing the problems arising from Iraq’s legal framework regulating commercial
    activity and the way in which it was implemented by the former regime,

    Recognizing the CPA’s obligation to provide for the effective administration of Iraq, to
    ensure the well being of the Iraqi people and to enable the social functions and normal
    transactions of every day life,

    Acting in a manner consistent with the Report of the Secretary General to the Security
    Council of July 17, 2003, concerning the need for the development of Iraq and its
    transition from a non-transparent centrally planned economy to a market economy
    characterized by sustainable economic growth through the establishment of a dynamic
    private sector, and the need to enact institutional and legal reforms to give it effect,

    Having coordinated with the international financial institutions, as referenced in
    paragraph 8(e) of the U.N. Security Council Resolution 1483,

    In close consultation with and acting in coordination with the Governing Council, I
    hereby promulgate the following:

    CPA/ORD/19 September 2003/39

    Last edited by RED LILY; 11-27-2012 at 09:26 PM.

  3. #3
    RED LILY
    Guest
    Section 1

    Definitions




    1) “Administrator” means the Administrator of the Coalition Provisional Authority.

    2) “Business entity” means any entity constituted or organized by law of any country,
    including, but not limited to, any corporation, partnership, joint venture, firm,
    enterprise, State-owned enterprise, organization, or other similar entity.

    3) “Foreign investment” means investment by a foreign investor in any kind of asset in
    Iraq, including tangible and intangible property, and related property rights, shares
    and other forms of participation in a business entity, and intellectual property rights
    and technical expertise, except as limited by Section 8 of this Order.

    4) “Foreign investor” means (a) a business entity constituted or organized under the law
    of a country other than Iraq; (b) a natural person who is (i) a national of a country
    other than Iraq, (ii) a stateless person not residing permanently in Iraq, or (iii) a
    national of Iraq residing permanently outside of Iraq; or (c) a business entity
    constituted or organized by any of the above under the law of Iraq; that is making or
    has made an investment in Iraq.

    5) “Iraqi investor” means (a) a business entity constituted or organized under thelaw of
    Iraq other than by a foreign investor; or a natural person who is (i) a national of Iraq
    residing permanently in Iraq, or (ii) a stateless person residing permanently in Iraq;
    that is making or has made an investment in Iraq.


    Section 2

    Purposes




    This Order promotes and safeguards the general welfare and interests of the Iraqi
    people by promoting foreign investment through the protection of the rights and
    property of foreign investors in Iraq and the regulation through transparent processes
    of matters relating to foreign investment in Iraq. This Order specifies the terms and
    procedures for making foreign investments and is intended to attract new foreign
    investment to Iraq.

    Section 3

    Relation to Existing Iraqi Law



    1) This Order replaces all existing foreign investment law.

    CPA/ORD/19 September 2003/39 2
    Last edited by RED LILY; 11-27-2012 at 09:26 PM.

  4. #4
    RED LILY
    Guest
    2) This Order is subject to revision by the Administrator, or to adoption or replacement
    by an internationally recognized, representative government established by the people
    of Iraq.

    3) Future Orders or other guidance will be issued concerning various sectors of the
    economy.

    Section 4

    Treatment of Foreign Investors

    1) A foreign investor shall be entitled to make foreign investments in Iraq on terms no
    less favorable than those applicable to an Iraqi investor, unless otherwise provided
    herein.

    2) The amount of foreign participation in newly formed or existing business entities in
    Iraq shall not be limited, unless otherwise expressly provided herein.

    Section 5

    Trade Offices & Branches


    A foreign investor may open trade representation offices and branches in Iraq; such
    offices and branches shall be registered with the Iraqi Registrar of Companies.

    Section 6

    Areas of Foreign Investment


    1) Foreign investment may take place with respect to all economic sectors in Iraq, except
    that foreign direct and indirect ownership of the natural resources sector involving
    primary extraction and initial processing remains prohibited. In addition, this Order
    does not apply to banks and insurance companies.

    2) Foreign investment may take place in all parts of Iraq.

    3) A foreign investor shall be prohibited from engaging in retail sales, unless at least 30
    days prior to engaging in such retail sales such foreign investor deposits $100,000 in a
    non-interest-bearing account in a properly licensed Iraqi bank located in Iraq pursuant
    to procedures to be promulgated by the Ministry of Trade. Once a deposit is made
    pursuant to its procedures, the Ministry of Trade shall issue documentation to the
    foreign investor reflecting the authorization to engage in such retail sales. Such
    deposit must be maintained during the entire time that the foreign investor is engaged
    in retail sales; provided however, it shall be returned upon the request of the foreign
    investor at the completion of the retail sales activity.

    CPA/ORD/19 September 2003/39 3










    Section 7

    Implementing Foreign Investment





    1) A foreign investor may implement foreign investment using, among other things,
    freely convertible currencies or Iraqi legal tender, in the following forms:

    a) establishing a wholly foreign-owned business entity in Iraq, including as a
    subsidiary of a foreign investor;

    b) establishing a business entity jointly with an Iraqi investor;

    c) establishing a branch office, as set forth in Section 5 herein; and

    d) directly acquiring an investment.

    2) A foreign investor shall be authorized to:

    a) possess, use, and dispose of its investments;

    b) manage or participate in managing a business entity;

    c) transfer its rights and obligations to other persons in accordance with the law;

    d) transfer abroad without delay all funds associated with its foreign investment,
    including:

    i) shares or profits and dividends;

    ii) proceeds from the sale or other disposition of its foreign investment or a
    portion thereof;

    iii) interest, royalty payments, management fees, other fees and payments made
    under a contract; and

    iv) other transfers approved by the Ministry of Trade;

    e) exercise any other authority conferred upon it by law.

    3) The Finance Minister and the Minister of Planning may jointly issue regulations to
    assist in the implementation of this Order.

    CPA/ORD/19 September 2003/39 4
    Last edited by RED LILY; 11-27-2012 at 09:26 PM.

  5. #5
    RED LILY
    Guest
    Section 8

    Use of Real Property




    1) After the date of this Order, unless otherwise permitted by law, a foreign investor or a
    business entity with any level of foreign investor participation may not under any
    circumstances purchase the rights of disposal and usufruct of private real property.

    2) The duration of any license to use property shall be determined by the duration of
    operations related to the foreign investment. The initial term of a license shall not
    exceed 40 years, but may be renewed for further such periods. Licenses may be
    reviewed by the internationally recognized, representative government established by
    the people of Iraq upon its assumption of the responsibilities of the CPA.

    3) If a business entity that is owned or controlled by a foreign investor or foreign
    investors is dissolved before the expiration of the license or lease, then the license or
    lease shall be terminated at the time of such dissolution.

    Section 9

    Insurance




    A foreign investor shall be permitted to obtain insurance coverage for all aspects of its
    operation from any foreign or Iraqi source deemed appropriate by the foreign
    investor.



    Section 10

    Dispute Settlement



    Disputes between a foreign investor and an Iraqi investor pertaining to investment in
    Iraq, or between a foreign investor and an Iraqi legal or natural person, shall be
    resolved in accordance with the dispute resolution provisions contained in any
    applicable written agreement governing the relationship between the parties. The
    parties may elect in any agreement to utilize the arbitration mechanisms outlined in
    Iraqi law.



    Section 11

    Dissolution of Entities




    1) Within 14 days from the date of adopting a resolution or other instrument terminating
    the operations of a business entity that is owned or controlled by a foreign investor or
    foreign investors, the business entity with foreign investment shall submit the
    resolution or other instrument to the Iraqi Registrar of Companies.



    CPA/ORD/19 September 2003/39 5
    2) Upon termination of operations and dissolution of the business entity with any level
    of foreign investment, any such foreign investor shall, consistent with Section 7 of
    this Order, have the right to transfer profits from the sale or liquidation to any foreign
    location, or as provided in a written agreemenbt etweent he foreign investor and an
    Iraqi investor, provided that all amounts owed by such business entity to the
    government of Iraq and all Iraqi creditors have been paid in advance of the transfer.

    Section 12

    Tax Treatment


    The Administrator may issue further orders to address the tax treatment of income
    derived from a foreign investmenthat is reinvested in a business entity in Iraq.

    Section 13

    Treatment of Investors


    No legal text that impedes the operation of this Order shall hold and all investors,
    foreign and Iraqi, shall be treated equally under the law, except as otherwise
    specifically provided in this Order.

    Section 14

    International Agreements


    Where an internationala greementto which Iraq is a partyp rovides for more favorable
    terms with respect to foreign investors undertaking investment activities in Iraq, the
    more favorablet erms undert he internationala greemenst hall apply.

    Section 15

    Evasion


    Violations of Sections 6(3) and 8(1) of this Order may serve as a basis for suspension
    or cancellation of the rights of a foreign investor in Iraq that arise under this Order.

    Section 16

    Entry into Force


    ;hfl ~ on the date of signature.
    r:. Paul Bremer, Administrator
    Coalition Provisional Authority

    CP A/ORD/19 September 2003/39 6









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